Ecology, Capitalism, Democracy
Central European University
Budapest, Hungary
July 14–19, 2025
Course Directors
Rhetoric and Public Culture, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
Shalini Randeria
Central European University, Vienna, Austria/Budapest, HungaryPolitics, Law and Social Thought, Rice University, Houston, USA
Course Faculty
Department of History, University of Notre Dame, USA
Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India
Social Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
Environmental Humanities, Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Germany
Department of the History of Consciousness, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Philosophy, Emeritus, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Guest Speakers
Political Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark/ forthcoming book on Power in the Anthropocene, University of Edinburg Press, March 2025
Department of Sociological Theory, University of Barcelona, Spain / Author of Carbon Societies: The Social Logic of Fossil Fuels (Polity, 2024)
Course Overview
There are typically two ways to explain how and why democracies die. The first kind of explanation, which was dominant for much of the twentieth century and has returned with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, turns to external threats. The second kind of explanation, which secured its dominance after the fall of the Soviet Union and the apparent triumph of a global liberal democratic order, turns to internal tensions—from religious violence to government corruption to tyrannical majorities to authoritarian take-over. This course explores an increasingly urgent third kind of explanation. In addition to external threats and internal tensions, democracies now face challenges that are neither strictly internal nor external but global, systemic, and infrastructural. We understand these challenges under two broad categories: the unfolding ecological crises and the catastrophes wrought by capitalism’s intensification.
Can democracy, a mode of governance bound by national borders, respond to these boundless global, systemic, and infrastructural challenges? What is the relationship between ecological and capitalist crises? How do ecological and capitalist crises animate democracy’s internal and external antagonists?
The aim of the course is to re-examine the relationship between democracy, ecology, and capitalism by attending to the complex and diverse challenges democratic societies are navigating today. The course will employ an interdisciplinary perspective and global scope, comparing democratic contexts across time and space. To this end, the course will foster a robust dialogue among students, activists, and scholars assembled from all over the world. Students will leave the course with a deeper understanding of democracy’s modern challenges as well as new questions and ideas about how they may be productively addressed.
Co-Sponsors
Central European University, the Open Society Foundations, the Center for Global Culture and Communication (Northwestern University’s School of Communication), and the Buffett Institute of Global Affairs (Northwestern University, Evanston, USA).
Application deadline: February 14, 2025
Democracy and Inequality:
The Challenge of a Society of Equals
Central European University
Budapest, Hungary
July 1–6, 2024
Course Directors
Dilip Gaonkar
Rhetoric and Public Culture, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
Shalini Randeria
Central European University, Vienna, Austria/Budapest, Hungary
Course Faculty
Banu Bargu
History of Consciousness, University of California-Santa Cruz, USA
Prathama Banerjee
Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India
Craig Calhoun
Social Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
Liam Mayes
Politics, Law and Social Thought, Rice University, Houston, USA
José Medina
Philosophy, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
Sofia Näsström
Department of Government, Uppsala University, Sweden
Charles Taylor
Philosophy, Emeritus, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Massimiliano Tomba
History of Consciousness, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Nadia Urbinati
Political Science, Columbia University, New York, USA
Course Overview
Since antiquity, through the French and American revolutions, and into its modern and contemporary configurations, democracy has promised political equality. Somewhere along the way, democracy came to be understood as a political system that could deliver equality beyond the political realm as well. Today, the belief persists that, at some level, democracy promotes social and economic equality more effectively and reliably than any other mode of governance. This belief persists despite an increasing share of wealth and property flowing to a small elite and tears in the social fabric visible in polarized populations and the rise of ethno-nationalism. Democracy and social and economic inequality are extremely compatible.
So, what is the relationship between democracy and equality? What does the pursuit of equality look like in a modern democracy? To what extent are economic and social equality necessary for democratic flourishing? To what extent are they worthwhile goals in the first place?
The aim of the course is to re-examine the relationship between democracy and equality by attending to the complexity and history of modern democratic societies. The course will employ a historical perspective and global scope, comparing democratic contexts across time and space. To this end, the course will foster a robust dialogue among students, activists, and scholars assembled from all over the world. Students will leave the course with a deeper understanding of the fraught relationship between democracy and equality as well as new questions and ideas about how it might be productively addressed.
Co-Sponsors
Central European University, Open Society University Network (OSUN), Mastercard Foundation, and Center for Global Culture and Communication (Northwestern University)
It Takes a Movement:
Social Mobilization and Rebuilding Democracy
Central European University
Budapest, Hungary
July 3–9, 2023
Course Directors
Dilip Gaonkar
Rhetoric and Public Culture, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
Shalini Randeria
Central European University, Vienna, Austria/Budapest, Hungary
Course Faculty
Prathama Banerjee
Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India
Humberto Beck
International Studies, El Colegio de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Craig Calhoun
Social Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
Ulrike Flader
Anthropology, University of Bremen, Germany
Lisa Guenther
Philosophy, and Critical Prison Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
Aishwary Kumar
Ahimsa Center, History, College of Letters, Arts, and Social Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USA
Charles Taylor
Philosophy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
Lars Tønder
Political Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Camil Ungureanu
Political and Social Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Course Faculty Coordinator
Liam Mayes
Communication and English, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
Course Overview
Around the world, democracies are breaking down. Many are being dismantled from within while others face attacks from without. In both cases, the issues underlying democracy’s erosion are not superficial but deeply entrenched and complex. As a result, democracies will not be renewed without considerable effort. Technical fixes imposed from above may slow democratic degeneration, but they cannot reverse it. Rebuilding democracy—fortifying its institutions and advancing its project—takes a movement from below.
Yet, when it comes to social mobilization, democratic societies tend to be apprehensive. A handful of exceptionally civil, organized, and focused social movements may serve as evidence of a dynamic public sphere and a healthy democratic culture. But far more often, democratic governments respond to social mobilization with less enthusiasm, treating it as anything from a nuisance to a threat. After all, what democratic purpose could social mobilization fulfill in a society with fair elections, democratic representation, and independent courts? Given the growing frequency, intensity, scale, and volatility of twenty-first century social mobilizations in democratic societies, it is difficult to see them simply as a confirmation of democratic flourishing or evidence of its undoing. Instead, from Indian farmers to Canadian truckers and Colombian taxpayers, from the Black Lives Matter movement to the Yellow Vests, these mobilizations index social, political, cultural, and economic crises that democratic governments have failed to address. In this context, what is the relationship between social mobilization and democracy? Do loosely networked local protests in disparate contexts share a global anatomy? When are social mobilizations a threat to democracy and when are they the foundation of its renewal?
The aim of It Takes a Movement is to re-examine the relationship between social mobilization and democracy by attending to the stunning complexity and diversity of twenty-first-century protests and social movements. The course will employ a global perspective, comparing social mobilizations across different democratic contexts, tracing transnational connections and fissures, and establishing common features. To this end, the course will foster a robust dialogue among students, activists, and scholars assembled from all over the world. Students will leave the course with a deeper understanding of the fraught relationship between democracy and social mobilization as well as new questions and ideas about how it might be productively addressed.
The course will fund a minimum of twenty students and reserves one-third of available spaces for applicants from Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Co-Sponsors
Central European University, Open Society University Network (OSUN), Mastercard Foundation, and Center for Global Culture and Communication (Northwestern University), in collaboration with the Arizona State University
Dismantling Democracy from Within
Central European University
Budapest, Hungary
June 27–July 2, 2022
Course Directors
Dilip Gaonkar
Rhetoric and Public Culture, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
Shalini Randeria
Central European University, Vienna, Austria/Budapest, Hungary
Course Faculty
Prathama Banerjee
Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India
Craig Calhoun
Social Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
Eva Fodor
Gender Studies/Inequalities and Democracy, Democracy Institute, Central European University, Vienna, Austria/Budapest, Hungary
Nilüfer Göle
Sociology, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris, France
Charles Taylor
Philosophy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (Emeritus)
Nadia Urbinati
Political Science, Columbia University, New York, USA
Course Faculty Coordinator
Liam Mayes
Communication, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
Course Overview
During the first decades of the twenty-first century, the threat to democratic societies the world over has increasingly come from within. In general, this threat from within is not one of military coups or the interference of foreign governments, but of fraught popular elections and rising populist tides. Amid an array of national and cultural differences shaped by history and contemporary conditions, there is no one true and tested path to securing democratic societies against this threat. Yet this need not mean abandoning democracy. It means diagnosing democracy’s current failures, understanding its partial achievements, and renewing its many and varied cultures. There is an urgent need for both sustained dialogue among proponents of diverse interpretive positions and their recommendations, for policy as well as mobilization.
The “Dismantling Democracy from Within" course advances the twin mission of understanding the critical challenges democracy is facing and developing the democratic agendas that will meet these challenges under variable cultural and socio-economic conditions. Such a mission can only be secured by facilitating a robust dialogue among students, activists, and scholars assembled from all over the world. Students will leave the Summer School with a deeper knowledge of the specific challenges facing democracy in different contexts as well as a global understanding of how they are connected.
Sessions at the Summer School are led by its distinguished faculty and will generally take the form of lecture presentations, seminar discussions, and student-centered workshops. Throughout the week, students will have the opportunity to discuss their research with faculty during office hours sessions.
Co-Sponsors
Central European University, Open Society University Network (OSUN), Mastercard Foundation, and Center for Global Culture and Communication (Northwestern University)
Democracy and Demography
Burg Feistritz, Austria
June 27–July 2, 2022
Attended by 29 students representing 23 countries
Organized in collaboration with the Institut für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen (IWM) in Vienna, Austria
Special funding provided by the Mastercard Foundation